如果没有立遗嘱，死者遗产如何分配？

问：如果死者没有立遗嘱而去世，谁会是死者遗产的受益人？

死者有遗嘱:

• 你可以聘请律师到法庭，帮你申请 Grant of Probate (简称 GP); 或者你可以通过Amanah Raya 申请遗产分配。

死者没有遗嘱：

• 死者的遗产将会依据1958年财产分配法令，第6条文进行分配。请看以下的图片 (图来自网络):

受益人可以根据以下两个管道申请遗产管理委托书(Letter of Administration，简称 LA)：

(1) 小额遗产分配局 (Bahagian Harta Pusaka Kecil) (Small Estate Distribution)

• 遗产的名单内，一定要有不动产 (如房子, 店, 厂, 地)
• 遗产总值不能超过两百万
• 死者没有留下遗嘱
• 在小遗产分配局的程序里，你是可以:

（1）自己DIY处理；或者

（2）请律师处理

• 如果执行人和受益人有:

（1）时间一直跑小遗产分配局、土地局、宣誓官和相关部门；和

（2）足够能力了解如何做文件和处理的步骤，那么你可以选择自己处理。

• 如何根据1955年小额遗产（分配）法令申请领取遗产？
  死者遗产受益人可根据1955年小额遗产（分配）法令8条文，来申请领取有关遗产，方法如下：
  I.填写A表格
  II.每份申请表格须提交
  a.死亡证明以及相关文件
  b.不动产文件如地契、缴付门牌税、土地税收据等。
  c.动产文件副本如存摺影印本、公积金、股票证书副本等。
• 执行人和受益人如果选择不要自己那么累，不要自己处理，愿意付费，那么你们可以先了解律师和Amanah Raya 的收费、处理速度、语言问题和服务素质，才决定聘请哪一方处理死者的遗产分配手续。

• Estate value	Fee
  RM1 – RM1,000	RM10 flat fee
  RM1,001 – RM50,000	RM30 flat fee
  RM50,000+	0.2% of estate value

(2) 法庭 High Court

• 如果死者的总遗产值超过两百万，你必须经过法庭，申请申请遗产管理委任书Letter of Administration (简称LA)。
• 遗产总值必须超过两百万。
• 受益人可以自己，请律师或者请Amanah Raya 处理以上手续。
• 如果遗产总值超过两百万，小编建议你请律师处理，因为Amanah Raya 的收费会贵过律师的收费。

Amanah Raya 征收的费用如下：

*Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) 是政府委任的信托机构，死者的资产符合必须以下条件:
i.) 资产少过 RM 600,000 (Gross Assets)
ii.) 没有任何不动产 (No Any Immovable Assets)

*受益人可以先比较了解律师和Amanah Raya 的收费，处理速度和服务素质，才决定聘请哪一方处理死者的遗产分配手续。

*建议大家生前最好先立下遗属，免得以后受益人牵扯遗产纠纷。没有立遗嘱就没有办法根据死者的遗愿，分给应该得到的受益者。一切只能根据以上的法律方式分配，有人欢喜，有人忧。

Distribution Act 1958

6.Succession to intestate estates

(1) After the commencement of this Act, if any person shall die intestate as to any property to which he is beneficially entitled for an interest which does not cease on his death, such property or the proceeds thereof after payment thereout of the expenses of due administration shall, subject to the provisions of Section 4, be distributed in the manner or be held on the trusts mentioned in this section, namely—

(a) if an intestate dies leaving a spouse and no issue and no parent or parents, the surviving spouse shall be entitled to the whole of the estate;

(b) if an intestate dies leaving no issue but a spouse and a parent or parents, the surviving spouse shall be entitled to one-half of the estate and the parent or parents shall be entitled to the remaining one-half;

(c) if an intestate dies leaving issue but no spouse and no parent or parents, the surviving issue shall be entitled to the whole of the estate;

(d) if an intestate dies leaving no spouse and no issue but a parent or parents, the surviving parent or parents shall be entitled to the whole of the estate;

(e) if an intestate dies leaving a spouse and issue but no parent or parents, the surviving spouse shall be entitled to one-third of the estate and the issue the remaining two-thirds;

(f) if an intestate dies leaving no spouse but issue and a parent or parents, the surviving issue shall be entitled to two-thirds of the estate and the parent or parents the remaining one-third;

(g) if an intestate dies leaving a spouse, issue and parent or parents, the surviving spouse shall be entitled to one-quarter of the estate, the issue shall be entitled to one-half of the estate and the parent or parents the remaining one-quarter;

(h) subject to the rights of a surviving spouse or a parent or parents, as the case may be, the estate of an intestate who leaves issue shall be held on the trusts set out in Section 6 for the issue;

(i) if an intestate dies leaving no spouse, issue, parent or parents, the whole of the estate of the intestate shall be held on trusts for the following persons living at the death of the intestate and in the following order and manner, namely:

Firstly, on the trusts set out in Section 7 for the brothers and sisters of the intestate in equal shares; but if no person takes an absolutely vested interest under such trusts, then

Secondly, for the grandparents of the intestate, and if more than one survive the intestate in equal shares absolutely; but if there are no grandparents surviving, then

Thirdly, on the trusts set out in Section 7  for the uncles and aunts of the intestate in equal shares; but if no person takes an absolutely vested interest under such trusts, then

Fourthly, for the great grandparents of the intestate and if more than one survive the intestate in equal shares absolutely; but if there are no such great grandparents surviving, then

Fifthly, on the trusts set out in Section 7 for the great grand uncles and great grand aunts of the intestate in equal shares.

(j) In default of any person taking an absolute interest under the foregoing provisions the Government shall be entitled to the whole of the estate except insofar as the same consists of land.

The Star :How to obtain letters of administration via small estate mode

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